Building construction



A. F. BEMIS BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Filed Nov. 20, 1926 June 23, 1931.

patented .lune 23, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT* OFFICE ALBERT F. BEMIS, OFNEWTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR T0 BEMIS INDUSTRIES, INC., OF BOSTON,MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION OSL1 DELAWARE BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONApplication led November 20, 1926. Serial No. 149,766.

This invention relates to an improved type of building constructionwhich is adapted to permit greater facility in building and to provide ahighly satisfactory type of structure Which'may be adapted to a Widevariety of different requirements and conditions. More particularly thepresent invention relates to an improved type of Wall, either vertical,inclined or horizontal, Which may be composed of a series ofcomparatively light,

rather closely spaced studs having slabs of fibrous, cementitious orother material assembled thereupon and keyed thereto in a manner whichWill provide a high degree of rigidity Without necessity for carefulfitting or shaping in situ. Preferably a building construction of thischaracter may be readily assembled from units Vand parts which have beenpreformed in a manufacturing establishment to suitable standarizeddimensions,

and, in its preferred form, the presentin vention disclosesmeansvvherebya Wall built in this manner is adapted to receive an intermediatemineral core or seal such as cementitious material of the order ofgypsum, ordinary hydraulic cement, etc. or, if desired, the intermediatespaces provided by this construction may be left unfilled or fllledwithheat insulating material to provide the Wall With additional heatinsulating capacity'. Use of the intermediate mineral seal affords aWall which resists the penetrationof moisture orhumidity, and whichprovides a reproof or a semi-tireproof construction. While the slabs maybe formed of a Wide variety of materials, for example dierent types offiber board formed of `Wood, or other vegetable fibers With or Withoutasbestos, gypsum, concrete or the like, ory ordinary boards, or fibrousmaterial made of partially cooked bagasse fibers; the studs themselvespreferably may be light Wooden pieces or metal members is of relativelysmall cross section which are comparatively inexpensive and lwhichrequire the provision of little or no Wood for the completed Wall, Whilethe intermediate mineral filler, as previously indicated, may be any oneof a Wide variety of materials or may be omitted in certaininstallations;

Further aspects of the invention pertain to means of combining a Wallofthe preferred form with suitable aligning means and with adjoiningparts of the building frame and structure; it being further understoodthat the features of thisl invention may be variously combined in manyadvantageous Ways With'the constructions disclosed i in my copendingapplications No. 33,173, filed May 27, 1925; No. 36,857, filed June 13,1925; and Nos. 72,673; 72,674 and 72,6782, all filed December 2, 1925.

Further objects and advantages ofthe invention Will become apparent tothose skilled in the art upon a reading of the subj oined descriptionand claims in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a horizontal cross section of one form of Wall construction;and i Fig. 2 is a similar vieW of a slightly dierent Wall construction.

Referring to the accompanyingdrawings, and more particularly to Fig. 1thereof, it may be seen that the present invention relates to theprovision of a Wall formed about a series of rather small and closelyspaced studs 11; preferably these studs are metal members I ofstandardized cross-sectional form, having the larger dimension disposedis a direction normal to the plane of the Wall.

Disposed upon the studs are suitable slabs 2 ofbuilding material. Theseslabs may be of various convenient dimensions, With greater dimensiondisposed either vertically or horizontally, often being made of a storyin height and of a Widthequal to the distanceA of the studs 1 are soproportioned that'a space l 7 is provided between the slabs, which maybeof comparatively restricted width or of width to conform to any strengthor other requirement and is adapted to receive any suitable materialwhich may be poured therein, preferably to provide a mineral seal.Ordinary cement, gypsum or the like, are suitable for this purpose. Theslabs may be secured to the studs by any suitable means, as byLio-shaped staples 54, passing through openings 56 in the slabs andstraddling the studs, with their ends clenched over upon the slabs, asdesignated by numeral 55, or by wire fastenings 29 (Fig. 2) which extendbetween portions of the slabs intermediate the studs. t

Analternative form 'oit the invention is disclosed in F ig. 2, the studs2l in this wall construction being of substantially square cross-sectionand having their surfaces disposed diagonally in relation `to the planeof the wall so that corners of the studs are adapted to interlock withsuitable recesses 24 provided upon the slabs, which are beveled at theirvertical edges, as designated by the numeral 25, fora similar purpose.Fig. 2 al-so discloses the manner in which the space 'between oppositelayers of slabs may be left unfilled to provide heat insulation, such anarrangement being especially satisfactory in a buildingr of one story. u

The various elements of the Wall construction may be `formed of anysuitable material.

' Often the upstandingstuds will be of wood Y fire and moistureresistant seal.

and often of steel, while the slabs may consist ot any conventionalfiber beard, Mgypsum slabs, or the like, and in many cases preferablymay be Iformed 'of partially cooked bagasse iibers, or of syntheticlumber such vas disclosed in my copendingapplication. l

The intermediate cementitiousfiller which provides a practicallycontinuous mineral sea-l may also be oi any suitable material, gypsum orconcrete being especially desirable for this purpose in manyinstallations. Vhen a filler .of this character is used in conjunctionwithmetal studs, the wall may be provided with a continuous intermediateI claim:A i

l. AV wall construction comprising a row vof parallel studs, a layer ofslabs upon each side ot the row, said slabs having intermedie ategrooves in interlitting engagement with certain of the studs, and havingmarginal portions cut away to engage studs at their edges. v c Y 2. Awall construction comprising a row of parallel studs, a layer of slabsupon each Vside vo the row,lsaid slabs hav-ing intermediate grooves ininterlitting engagement with certain of t-he studs, and having marginalportions cut away to engage studs at their edges, saidl cutaway marginalportions being in staglgered :relation upon opposite sides of the Wa 8.A'building construction comprising a row of studs of rectangular crosssection, said studs having their larger cross-sectional dimensiondisposed vertically in relation to the plane of the row, slabs ofbuilding material upon either side `of the row, said slabs being groovedto interlit with and to enclose the studs and being spaced from slabsupon the oppositeside of the row. y

QA building construction comprising a plane of the row,lslabs ofbuilding material upon either side of the row,rsaid slabs. being groovedtointerit with the studs, and having edge portions rabbeted'to titthecorners `f studs, said rabbeted edge portions occurring in staggeredrelation upon vopposite si'desfef the wall. p l' I Y y 6, A wallconstruction comprising arow of parallel "metal studs, a layer of slabsupon each side of the row, and-spaces between the layers 'of slabs andbetween the st'uds,'sa`id spaces being filledwith fire-resistant,cementitious) material fof mineral origin, whereby the wall is providedwith a continuous, intermediateinineral seal.y y 7. A wall-constructioncomprising a Y'row ofparallel metal studs, a rlayer of slabs upon eachside ofthe row, said slabshaving aninteritting engagement with portionsyor' vthe studs,1an'd spaces between the layers of slabs and between thestuds lilledwi'th fire-'resistant cementiti'ous material, wherebyacontinuous intermediate iireand "moisture-resistant seal is providedl ii i `8. A wallconstruction comprisin a row of parallel metal studs, alayerfof s abs upon 'foo 'fio

each side of therow, and spaces between the posed grooves in adjacentfaces thereof, and

studs` disposed in the grooves.

l0. In a building construction, the combination of spaced wallscomprising slabs in end to end abutment, means providing opposed groovesin adjacent faces of the` slabs,

one of the grooves extending along theline of Teo abutment of slabs ofone wall, and studs disposed in the grooves.

l1. In a building construction, the combination of spaced Wallscomprising slabs in end to end abutment, the lines of abutment of slabsof one Wall being staggered with respect to the lines of abutment ofslabs of the other Wall, means providing pairs of opposed grooves inadjacent faces of the slabs, some of the pairs of opposed groovesextending along the lines of abutment of the slabs of one Wall, othersof the pairs of opposed grooves extending along the lines of abutment ofthe slabs of the other Wall, the remainder of the pairs of opposedgrooves being disposed between said some and said others of the pairs ofopposed grooves, and studs disposed in the pairs of opposed grooves.

Signed by me at Boston, Massachusetts, this fourth day of November,1926.

ALBERT F. BEMIS.

